Plant Assessment Form

Glebionis coronaria

Synonyms: Chrysanthemum coronarium, Glebionis coronarium

Common Names: garland Chrysanthemum, crown daisy

Evaluated on: 4/20/05

List committee review date: 08/07/2005

Re-evaluation date:

Evaluator(s)

Elizabeth Brusati, project manager
California Invasive Plant Council
1442A Walnut St. #462, Berkeley, CA 94709
510-843-3902
edbrusati@cal-ipc.org
Joseph M. DiTomaso
University of California, Davis
Dept. Plant Sci., Mail Stop 4, Davis, CA 95616
530-754-8715
jmditomaso@ucdavis.edu

List committee members

Jake Sigg
Peter Warner
Bob Case
John Knapp
Elizabeth Brusati

General Comments

Removed second scientific name, Chrysanthemum coronarium, and added it to the synonym line 3/24/17. Ramona Robison

Table 2. Criteria, Section, and Overall Scores

Overall Score? Limited
Alert Status? No Alert
Documentation? 2.5 out of 5
Score Documentation
1.1 ?Impact on abiotic ecosystem processes U. Unknown Reviewed Scientific Publication
Impact?
Four-part score UBUD Total Score
C
1.2 ?Impact on plant community B. Moderate Observational
1.3 ?Impact on higher trophic levels U. Unknown
1.4 ?Impact on genetic integrity D. None Other Published Material
2.1 ?Role of anthropogenic and natural disturbance in establishment B. Moderate Observational
Invasiveness?
Total Points
12 Total Score B
2.2 ?Local rate of spread with no management A. Increases rapidly Observational
2.3 ?Recent trend in total area infested within state B. Increasing less rapidly Observational
2.4 ?Innate reproductive potential
(see Worksheet A)
B. Moderate Other Published Material
2.5 ?Potential for human-caused dispersal C. Low Other Published Material
2.6 ? Potential for natural long-distance dispersal C. Rare Observational
2.7 ?Other regions invaded C. Already invaded Other Published Material
3.1 ?Ecological amplitude/Range
(see Worksheet C)
A. Widespread Observational
Distribution?
Total Score B
3.2 ?Distribution/Peak frequency
(see Worksheet C)
D. Very low Observational

Table 3. Documentation

Scores are explained in the "Criteria for Categorizing Invasive Non-Native Plants that Threaten Wildlands".

Section 1: Impact
Question 1.1 Impact on abiotic ecosystem processes? U Reviewed Scientific Publication
Identify ecosystem processes impacted:

Unknown


Sources of information:

Question 1.2 Impact on plant community composition,
structure, and interactions?
B Observational
Identify type of impact or alteration:

Forms dense stands that can outcompete native species in riparian and sand areas (1). Seeds sprout quickly after rain and can form dense stands even on dry south-facing hillsides. Can grow to five feet tall in rainy years and a solid mass can persist for years (2). Also has formed monocultures at Malibu Bluffs State Park (3). One of several species that shades out Monardella linoides ssp. viminea (Willowy monardella) and contribute to this endangered plant's decline (4).


Sources of information:

1. Cindy Burrascano, California Native Plant Society, San Diego. pers comm.
2. Carrie Schneider, California Native Plant Society, pers. comm.
3. Michael O'Brien, landscape architect, pers. comm.
4. Mike Kelly, California Native Plant Society, pers. comm.


Question 1.3 Impact on higher trophic levels? U
Identify type of impact or alteration:

One variety is edible and can be cooked like spinach (1). The dense stands it forms presumably has an impact on wildlife that would have used the more open areas that were present before invasion, but there's no specific information on this.


Sources of information:

1. Brenzel, K. N. 2001. Sunset Western Garden Book. Sunset Publishing Company, Menlo Park, CA.


Question 1.4 Impact on genetic integrity? D Other Published Material

None No native species of Chrysanthemum.


Sources of information:

Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual, Higher Plants of California. University of California Press. Berkeley, CA


Section 2: Invasiveness
Question 2.1 Role of anthropogenic and natural disturbance
in establishment?
A Observational
Describe role of disturbance:

Invades areas such as riparian habitat and dunes that receive natural disturbance. Does not invade undisturbed coastal sage scrub (1).


Sources of information:

1. Michael O'Brien, landscape architect, pers. comm.


Question 2.2 Local rate of spread with no management? A Observational
Describe rate of spread:

Expanding in San Diego County (1). Expanding rapidly at Malibu Bluffs State Park (2) and at Lopez Canyon in San Diego County (3).


Sources of information:

1. Mike Kelly, California Native Plant Society, San Diego. pers. comm.
2. Michael O'Brien, landscape architect, pers. comm.
3. Cindy Burrascano, California Native Plant Society, San Diego. pers comm.


Question 2.3 Recent trend in total area infested within state? B Observational
Describe trend:

no information


Sources of information:

DiTomaso, observational


Question 2.4 Innate reproductive potential? B Other Published Material
Describe key reproductive characteristics:

Annual.


Sources of information:

Hickman, J. C. (ed.) 1993. The Jepson Manual, Higher Plants of California. University of California Press. Berkeley, CA


Question 2.5 Potential for human-caused dispersal? C Other Published Material
Identify dispersal mechanisms:

Common escaped ornamental (1). There's a story that it was originally spread by railroad workers to brighten up their ride (unknown if this is true) (2).


Sources of information:

DiTomaso, J. and E. Healy. in prep. Weeds of California and Other Western States.
2. Cindy Burrascano, California Native Plant Society, San Diego. pers comm.


Question 2.6 Potential for natural long-distance dispersal? C Observational
Identify dispersal mechanisms:

Possibly wind, birds, or storm water, but seeds do not have a distinct pappus facilitating wind dispersal so most seed likely fall to ground below parent plant.


Sources of information:

DiTomaso, observational


Question 2.7 Other regions invaded? C Other Published Material
Identify other regions:

Native to southern Europe. Present in Oregon, Arizona, Alaska, som northeastern and southeastern states (1).


Sources of information:

1. USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.


Section 3: Distribution
Question 3.1 Ecological amplitude/Range? A Observational

Present in coastal San Diego County from Mexico to Orange County. Invades riparian areas, grasslands, coastal bluffs, sand dunes, the edges of marshes, and disturbed areas (1). In many San Diego canyons (2). Highly invasive in many valley bottoms and stream sides in San Diego (3).


Sources of information:

1. Cindy Burrascano, California Native Plant Society, San Diego. pers comm.
2. Carrie Schneider, California Native Plant Society, pers. comm.
3. Mike Kelly, California Native Plant Society, pers. comm.


Question 3.2 Distribution/Peak frequency? D Observational
Describe distribution:

Infrequent in state.


Sources of information:

DiTomaso, observational.


Worksheet A - Innate reproductive potential

Reaches reproductive maturity in 2 years or less Yes
Dense infestations produce >1,000 viable seed per square meter Yes
Populations of this species produce seeds every year. Yes
Seed production sustained over 3 or more months within a population annually No
Seeds remain viable in soil for three or more years Unknown
Viable seed produced with both self-pollination and cross-pollination Unknown
Has quickly spreading vegetative structures (rhizomes, roots, etc.) that may root at nodes No
Fragments easily and fragments can become established elsewhere No
Resprouts readily when cut, grazed, or burned No
Total points: 4
Total unknowns: 2
Total score: B?

Related traits:

Worksheet B - Arizona Ecological Types is not included here

Worksheet C - California Ecological Types

(sensu Holland 1986)
Major Ecological Types Minor Ecological Types Code?
Marine Systemsmarine systems
Freshwater and Estuarine lakes, ponds, reservoirs
Aquatic Systemsrivers, streams, canals
estuaries
DunescoastalD, < 5%
desert
interior
Scrub and Chaparralcoastal bluff scrubD, < 5%
coastal scrub
Sonoran desert scrub
Mojavean desert scrub (incl. Joshua tree woodland)
Great Basin scrub
chenopod scrub
montane dwarf scrub
Upper Sonoran subshrub scrub
chaparral
Grasslands, Vernal Pools, Meadows, and other Herb Communitiescoastal prairieD, < 5%
valley and foothill grassland
Great Basin grassland
vernal pool
meadow and seep
alkali playa
pebble plain
Bog and Marshbog and fen
marsh and swampD, < 5%
Riparian and Bottomland habitatriparian forest
riparian woodland
riparian scrub (incl.desert washes)D, < 5%
Woodlandcismontane woodland
piñon and juniper woodland
Sonoran thorn woodland
Forestbroadleaved upland forest
North Coast coniferous forest
closed cone coniferous forest
lower montane coniferous forest
upper montane coniferous forest
subalpine coniferous forest
Alpine Habitatsalpine boulder and rock field
alpine dwarf scrub
Amplitude (breadth): B
Distribution (highest score): D

Infested Jepson Regions

Click here for a map of Jepson regions

  • Central West
  • Sierra Nevada
  • Southwest